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Donald Ray Cressey (April 27, 1919 – July 21, 1987) was an American penology, sociology, and criminology who made innovative contributions to the study of organized crime, , criminology, the sociology of criminal law, white-collar crime.Akers, Ronald L. and Matsueda, Ross L. "Donald R. Cressey: An Intellectual Portrait of a Criminologist." Sociological Inquiry. 59:4 (October 1989).Salinger, Lawrence M. Encyclopedia of White-Collar & Corporate Crime. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE, 2004. Hawkins, Gordon. The Prison: Policy and Practice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
He served as a consultant on organized crime for the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice in 1966 and 1967. Based on research conducted in this capacity he wrote the acclaimed Theft of the Nation, a treatise on the Cosa Nostra, and later the smaller Criminal Organization, in which he extended his conceptualization of organized crime to include criminal groups other than the Cosa Nostra.
Cressey is credited with the theory of the "fraud triangle," three elements that are present in most cases of occupational fraud.Wells, Joseph T. Principles of Fraud Examination. Wiley, 2008. Cressey himself did not use this term during his lifetime.Vgl. Tickner, Peter; Button, Mark: Deconstructing the Origins of Cressey’s Fraud Triangle
Dr. Cressey died in Solvang, California, in 1987. He was surrounded by his wife, Elaine, and three daughters (Martha, Ann, and Mary).
The Cressey Award is bestowed annually by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners on one of its members for lifetime achievement in the detection and deterrence of fraud.
/ref> For two of the three motivational factors identified by Cressey, he drew on the thoughts of the US-American sociologist of German-Danish origin Svend Riemer (1905–1977).Riemer, Svend H.: Embezzlement: Pathological Basis, in: Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Vol. 32, No. 4, 1941, S. 411-423.
Awards
The Donald Cressey Award is bestowed annually on an American academic by the National Council on Crime and Delinquency National Council on Crime and Delinquency Web site. for outstanding academic contributions to criminology.
Works
Solely authored works
Co-authored works
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